Body Mass Index and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Half a Million Men and Women in the Asia Cohort Consortium

Aesun Shin; Sooyoung Cho; Doeun Jang; Sarah Krull Abe; Eiko Saito; Md Shafiur Rahman; Md Rashedul Islam; Norie Sawada; Xiao Ou Shu; Woon Puay Koh; Atsuko Sadakane; Ichiro Tsuji; Yumi Sugawara; Hidemi Ito; Chisato Nagata; Sue K. Park; Jian Min Yuan; Jeongseon Kim; Shoichiro Tsugane; Hui Cai; Wanqing Wen; Kotaro Ozasa; Sanae Matsuyama; Seiki Kanemura; Isao Oze; Keiko Wada; Renwei Wang; Keun Young Yoo; John D. Potter; Habibul Ahsan; Paolo Boffetta; Kee Seng Chia; Keitaro Matsuo; You Lin Qiao; Nathaniel Rothman; Wei Zheng; Manami Inoue; Daehee Kang

doi:10.1089/thy.2021.0445

Body Mass Index and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Half a Million Men and Women in the Asia Cohort Consortium

Aesun Shin^*, Sooyoung Cho, Doeun Jang, Sarah Krull Abe, Eiko Saito, Md Shafiur Rahman, Md Rashedul Islam, Norie Sawada, Xiao Ou Shu, Woon Puay Koh, Atsuko Sadakane, Ichiro Tsuji, Yumi Sugawara, Hidemi Ito, Chisato Nagata, Sue K. Park, Jian Min Yuan, Jeongseon Kim, Shoichiro Tsugane, Hui CaiWanqing Wen, Kotaro Ozasa, Sanae Matsuyama, Seiki Kanemura, Isao Oze, Keiko Wada, Renwei Wang, Keun Young Yoo, John D. Potter, Habibul Ahsan, Paolo Boffetta, Kee Seng Chia, Keitaro Matsuo, You Lin Qiao, Nathaniel Rothman, Wei Zheng, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang

^*Corresponding author for this work

Food Science and Nutrition

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

18 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Although previous meta-analyses have suggested a dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and thyroid cancer risk, limited evidence has been presented about Asian populations. To assess this association among Asian populations, where underweight is more prevalent than in other regions, a pooled analysis from the Asia Cohort Consortium was conducted. Methods: Baseline height and weight were measured in five cohorts and self-reported in eight cohorts. Thyroid cancer incidence was ascertained by linkage to local cancer registries. Cohorts were treated as a stratum in the Cox proportional hazard model to estimate the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) from the estimates for each cohort. All analyses were stratified by sex. Results: A total of 538,857 men and women from 13 cohorts from mainland China, Korea, Japan, and Singapore were included in the analysis. During a mean of 15.1 years of follow-up, 1132 thyroid cancer cases were ascertained. Using a BMI of 18.5-22.9 kg/m2 as a reference, an elevated risk of thyroid cancer was observed for groups with a BMI between 25 and 29.9 kg/m2 (HR: 1.31, [CI: 0.95-1.80]) and a BMI of 30 kg/m2 and greater (HR: 1.84, [CI: 0.89-3.81]) in men. Thyroid cancer risk was elevated in women with a BMI of 23-24.9 kg/m2 (HR: 1.26, [CI: 1.07-1.48]). The HRs for 5-U increment of BMI showed a linear association among men (HR: 1.25, [CI 1.10-1.55]) but not among women (HR: 1.07, [CI: 0.97-1.18]). Although the overall thyroid cancer risk was lower among underweight men and women, the papillary cancer risk may be elevated among underweight men (HR: 2.24, [CI: 0.75-6.66]). Conclusion: While higher BMI is associated with an elevated risk of thyroid cancer in both men and women, the association of underweight BMI may differ by sex and histological subtype.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	306-314
Number of pages	9
Journal	Thyroid
Volume	32
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2021.0445
Publication status	Published - Mar 2022

Keywords

body mass index
cohort consortium
obesity
thyroid cancer

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Endocrinology

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1089/thy.2021.0445

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Shin, A., Cho, S., Jang, D., Abe, S. K., Saito, E., Rahman, M. S., Islam, M. R., Sawada, N., Shu, X. O., Koh, W. P., Sadakane, A., Tsuji, I., Sugawara, Y., Ito, H., Nagata, C., Park, S. K., Yuan, J. M., Kim, J., Tsugane, S., ... Kang, D. (2022). Body Mass Index and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Half a Million Men and Women in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Thyroid, 32(3), 306-314. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2021.0445

Shin, A, Cho, S, Jang, D, Abe, SK, Saito, E, Rahman, MS, Islam, MR, Sawada, N, Shu, XO, Koh, WP, Sadakane, A, Tsuji, I, Sugawara, Y, Ito, H, Nagata, C, Park, SK, Yuan, JM, Kim, J, Tsugane, S, Cai, H, Wen, W, Ozasa, K, Matsuyama, S, Kanemura, S, Oze, I, Wada, K, Wang, R, Yoo, KY, Potter, JD, Ahsan, H, Boffetta, P, Chia, KS, Matsuo, K, Qiao, YL, Rothman, N, Zheng, W, Inoue, M & Kang, D 2022, 'Body Mass Index and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Half a Million Men and Women in the Asia Cohort Consortium', Thyroid, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 306-314. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2021.0445

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title = "Body Mass Index and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Half a Million Men and Women in the Asia Cohort Consortium",

abstract = "Background: Although previous meta-analyses have suggested a dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and thyroid cancer risk, limited evidence has been presented about Asian populations. To assess this association among Asian populations, where underweight is more prevalent than in other regions, a pooled analysis from the Asia Cohort Consortium was conducted. Methods: Baseline height and weight were measured in five cohorts and self-reported in eight cohorts. Thyroid cancer incidence was ascertained by linkage to local cancer registries. Cohorts were treated as a stratum in the Cox proportional hazard model to estimate the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) from the estimates for each cohort. All analyses were stratified by sex. Results: A total of 538,857 men and women from 13 cohorts from mainland China, Korea, Japan, and Singapore were included in the analysis. During a mean of 15.1 years of follow-up, 1132 thyroid cancer cases were ascertained. Using a BMI of 18.5-22.9 kg/m2 as a reference, an elevated risk of thyroid cancer was observed for groups with a BMI between 25 and 29.9 kg/m2 (HR: 1.31, [CI: 0.95-1.80]) and a BMI of 30 kg/m2 and greater (HR: 1.84, [CI: 0.89-3.81]) in men. Thyroid cancer risk was elevated in women with a BMI of 23-24.9 kg/m2 (HR: 1.26, [CI: 1.07-1.48]). The HRs for 5-U increment of BMI showed a linear association among men (HR: 1.25, [CI 1.10-1.55]) but not among women (HR: 1.07, [CI: 0.97-1.18]). Although the overall thyroid cancer risk was lower among underweight men and women, the papillary cancer risk may be elevated among underweight men (HR: 2.24, [CI: 0.75-6.66]). Conclusion: While higher BMI is associated with an elevated risk of thyroid cancer in both men and women, the association of underweight BMI may differ by sex and histological subtype.",

keywords = "body mass index, cohort consortium, obesity, thyroid cancer",

author = "Aesun Shin and Sooyoung Cho and Doeun Jang and Abe, {Sarah Krull} and Eiko Saito and Rahman, {Md Shafiur} and Islam, {Md Rashedul} and Norie Sawada and Shu, {Xiao Ou} and Koh, {Woon Puay} and Atsuko Sadakane and Ichiro Tsuji and Yumi Sugawara and Hidemi Ito and Chisato Nagata and Park, {Sue K.} and Yuan, {Jian Min} and Jeongseon Kim and Shoichiro Tsugane and Hui Cai and Wanqing Wen and Kotaro Ozasa and Sanae Matsuyama and Seiki Kanemura and Isao Oze and Keiko Wada and Renwei Wang and Yoo, {Keun Young} and Potter, {John D.} and Habibul Ahsan and Paolo Boffetta and Chia, {Kee Seng} and Keitaro Matsuo and Qiao, {You Lin} and Nathaniel Rothman and Wei Zheng and Manami Inoue and Daehee Kang",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Aesun Shin et al.; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.",

year = "2022",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1089/thy.2021.0445",

language = "English",

volume = "32",

pages = "306--314",

journal = "Thyroid",

issn = "1050-7256",

publisher = "Mary Ann Liebert Inc.",

number = "3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Body Mass Index and Thyroid Cancer Risk

T2 - A Pooled Analysis of Half a Million Men and Women in the Asia Cohort Consortium

AU - Shin, Aesun

AU - Cho, Sooyoung

AU - Jang, Doeun

AU - Abe, Sarah Krull

AU - Saito, Eiko

AU - Rahman, Md Shafiur

AU - Islam, Md Rashedul

AU - Sawada, Norie

AU - Shu, Xiao Ou

AU - Koh, Woon Puay

AU - Sadakane, Atsuko

AU - Tsuji, Ichiro

AU - Sugawara, Yumi

AU - Ito, Hidemi

AU - Nagata, Chisato

AU - Park, Sue K.

AU - Yuan, Jian Min

AU - Kim, Jeongseon

AU - Tsugane, Shoichiro

AU - Cai, Hui

AU - Wen, Wanqing

AU - Ozasa, Kotaro

AU - Matsuyama, Sanae

AU - Kanemura, Seiki

AU - Oze, Isao

AU - Wada, Keiko

AU - Wang, Renwei

AU - Yoo, Keun Young

AU - Potter, John D.

AU - Ahsan, Habibul

AU - Boffetta, Paolo

AU - Chia, Kee Seng

AU - Matsuo, Keitaro

AU - Qiao, You Lin

AU - Rothman, Nathaniel

AU - Zheng, Wei

AU - Inoue, Manami

AU - Kang, Daehee

PY - 2022/3

Y1 - 2022/3

N2 - Background: Although previous meta-analyses have suggested a dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and thyroid cancer risk, limited evidence has been presented about Asian populations. To assess this association among Asian populations, where underweight is more prevalent than in other regions, a pooled analysis from the Asia Cohort Consortium was conducted. Methods: Baseline height and weight were measured in five cohorts and self-reported in eight cohorts. Thyroid cancer incidence was ascertained by linkage to local cancer registries. Cohorts were treated as a stratum in the Cox proportional hazard model to estimate the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) from the estimates for each cohort. All analyses were stratified by sex. Results: A total of 538,857 men and women from 13 cohorts from mainland China, Korea, Japan, and Singapore were included in the analysis. During a mean of 15.1 years of follow-up, 1132 thyroid cancer cases were ascertained. Using a BMI of 18.5-22.9 kg/m2 as a reference, an elevated risk of thyroid cancer was observed for groups with a BMI between 25 and 29.9 kg/m2 (HR: 1.31, [CI: 0.95-1.80]) and a BMI of 30 kg/m2 and greater (HR: 1.84, [CI: 0.89-3.81]) in men. Thyroid cancer risk was elevated in women with a BMI of 23-24.9 kg/m2 (HR: 1.26, [CI: 1.07-1.48]). The HRs for 5-U increment of BMI showed a linear association among men (HR: 1.25, [CI 1.10-1.55]) but not among women (HR: 1.07, [CI: 0.97-1.18]). Although the overall thyroid cancer risk was lower among underweight men and women, the papillary cancer risk may be elevated among underweight men (HR: 2.24, [CI: 0.75-6.66]). Conclusion: While higher BMI is associated with an elevated risk of thyroid cancer in both men and women, the association of underweight BMI may differ by sex and histological subtype.

AB - Background: Although previous meta-analyses have suggested a dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and thyroid cancer risk, limited evidence has been presented about Asian populations. To assess this association among Asian populations, where underweight is more prevalent than in other regions, a pooled analysis from the Asia Cohort Consortium was conducted. Methods: Baseline height and weight were measured in five cohorts and self-reported in eight cohorts. Thyroid cancer incidence was ascertained by linkage to local cancer registries. Cohorts were treated as a stratum in the Cox proportional hazard model to estimate the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) from the estimates for each cohort. All analyses were stratified by sex. Results: A total of 538,857 men and women from 13 cohorts from mainland China, Korea, Japan, and Singapore were included in the analysis. During a mean of 15.1 years of follow-up, 1132 thyroid cancer cases were ascertained. Using a BMI of 18.5-22.9 kg/m2 as a reference, an elevated risk of thyroid cancer was observed for groups with a BMI between 25 and 29.9 kg/m2 (HR: 1.31, [CI: 0.95-1.80]) and a BMI of 30 kg/m2 and greater (HR: 1.84, [CI: 0.89-3.81]) in men. Thyroid cancer risk was elevated in women with a BMI of 23-24.9 kg/m2 (HR: 1.26, [CI: 1.07-1.48]). The HRs for 5-U increment of BMI showed a linear association among men (HR: 1.25, [CI 1.10-1.55]) but not among women (HR: 1.07, [CI: 0.97-1.18]). Although the overall thyroid cancer risk was lower among underweight men and women, the papillary cancer risk may be elevated among underweight men (HR: 2.24, [CI: 0.75-6.66]). Conclusion: While higher BMI is associated with an elevated risk of thyroid cancer in both men and women, the association of underweight BMI may differ by sex and histological subtype.

KW - body mass index

KW - cohort consortium

KW - obesity

KW - thyroid cancer

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Body Mass Index and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Half a Million Men and Women in the Asia Cohort Consortium

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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