TY - JOUR
T1 - Spatio-temporal analyses of extracted citrullus colocynthis seeds (Handal seed oil) as biofuel in internal combustion engine
AU - Al-Hwaiti, Mohammad S.
AU - Alsbou, Eid M.
AU - Al Haddad, Rawan M.
AU - Osman, Ahmed I.
AU - Jrai, Ahmed Abu
AU - Al-Muhtaseb, Ala'a H.
AU - Hasan, Ahmad O.
AU - Morgan, Kevin
AU - El-Sayed, El Sayed M.
AU - Al-Fatesh, Ahmed S.
AU - Fakeeha, Anis H.
AU - Rooney, David W.
AU - Al-Rawashdeh, Hani A.
N1 - Funding Information:
Authors would like to thank the generous financial support by "The Academic Research Deanship" at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University , under the fund ID (434/2018). Authors would like to acknowledge the support given by the EPSRC project “Advancing Creative Circular Economies for Plastics via Technological-Social Transitions” (ACCEPT Transitions, EP/S025545/1 ). AO wish to acknowledge the support of The Bryden Centre project (Project ID VA5048 ). The Bryden Centre project is supported by the European Union’s INTERREG VA Programme, managed by the Special EU Programmes Body (SEUPB). The authors wish to acknowledge Charlie Farrell for proofreading the manuscript. The authors would like to express their sincere appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding this research project (No. RG-1435-078 ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2020/4
Y1 - 2020/4
N2 - Herein Handal oil extraction from waste biomass is investigated for biodiesel production via esterification and transesterification processes. Furthermore, the physicochemical characteristics of Handal biodiesel (density, kinematic viscosity, specific gravity, pour point, flash point, and cloud point) was performed along with testing the fuel quality used in internal combustion engines. The flash point of the obtained Handal biodiesel (49.5 °C) was lower than that of petroleum diesel (68.3 °C). While at 40 °C, the kinematic viscosity of used Handal oil (4.476 cSt), which was higher than that of diesel fuel (2.6 cSt) and fossil diesel (2.27 cSt). Pourpoint of the used Handal oil was −9 and lower than that of Handal biodiesel, which is +3. The sulfur content of Handal oils was 193 mg/kg, which was higher than the Handal biodiesel value of 62 mg/kg, but significantly lower than that of diesel fuels (≤100 ppm). Similar engine performance regarding thermal efficiency between pure diesel and biodiesel at different engine speeds and loads was detected. The utilisation of such waste stream (Handal wild plant) in the production of biodiesel fuel will aid upcycling an otherwise waste and problematic thermochemical conversion feedstock by adding value for the application in the energy sector.
AB - Herein Handal oil extraction from waste biomass is investigated for biodiesel production via esterification and transesterification processes. Furthermore, the physicochemical characteristics of Handal biodiesel (density, kinematic viscosity, specific gravity, pour point, flash point, and cloud point) was performed along with testing the fuel quality used in internal combustion engines. The flash point of the obtained Handal biodiesel (49.5 °C) was lower than that of petroleum diesel (68.3 °C). While at 40 °C, the kinematic viscosity of used Handal oil (4.476 cSt), which was higher than that of diesel fuel (2.6 cSt) and fossil diesel (2.27 cSt). Pourpoint of the used Handal oil was −9 and lower than that of Handal biodiesel, which is +3. The sulfur content of Handal oils was 193 mg/kg, which was higher than the Handal biodiesel value of 62 mg/kg, but significantly lower than that of diesel fuels (≤100 ppm). Similar engine performance regarding thermal efficiency between pure diesel and biodiesel at different engine speeds and loads was detected. The utilisation of such waste stream (Handal wild plant) in the production of biodiesel fuel will aid upcycling an otherwise waste and problematic thermochemical conversion feedstock by adding value for the application in the energy sector.
KW - Biodiesel
KW - Biofuel
KW - Handal seed oil
KW - Internal combustion engine
KW - Physicochemical properties
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85097439994&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85097439994&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.renene.2020.11.148
DO - 10.1016/j.renene.2020.11.148
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85097439994
SN - 0960-1481
VL - 166
SP - 234
EP - 244
JO - Renewable Energy
JF - Renewable Energy
ER -
