TY - JOUR
T1 - Overview of paediatric tuberculosis cases treated in the Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Australia
AU - Al Yazidi, Laila S
AU - Marais, Ben J
AU - Wickens, Meredith
AU - Palasanthiran, Pamela
AU - Isaacs, David
AU - Outhred, Alexander
AU - McMullan, Brendan
AU - Britton, Philip N
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Al Yazidi et al. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence, which allows others to redistribute, adapt and share this work non-commercially provided they attribute the work and any adapted version of it is distributed under the same Creative Commons licence terms. See: www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
PY - 2019/7/31
Y1 - 2019/7/31
N2 - BACKGROUND: Sydney has a large and highly mobile immigrant community. The pattern of paediatric tuberculosis (TB) disease in this highly cosmopolitan city is not well documented.METHODS: We reviewed data on all children notified with TB in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, from January 2014 to December 2015, complemented by an expanded dataset for children managed within the Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (SCHN).RESULTS: Over the 2-year study period, 921 TB cases were identified in NSW, including 26 (2.8%) children younger than 15 years of age. Of 23 children and adolescents treated for TB in the SCHN, 21 (91.3%) had a history of recent immigration from, or travel to, a country with high TB incidence, and 7 (30.4%) reported contact with an infectious TB case in Australia. Fourteen (60.9%) children had microbiologically confirmed TB; of these, 5 (21.7%) had acid-fast bacilli on microscopy, 8 (34.8%) were positive by polymerase chain reaction and 11 (47.8%) were positive by culture. All Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were susceptible to first-line drugs. Ten (43.5%) cases were not vaccinated with bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), including all cases with severe disease: 2 with disseminated (miliary) TB and 3 with tuberculous meningitis.CONCLUSION: Our findings emphasise the need for improved TB prevention and surveillance in children at high risk of exposure, particularly young children travelling to areas of high TB incidence.
AB - BACKGROUND: Sydney has a large and highly mobile immigrant community. The pattern of paediatric tuberculosis (TB) disease in this highly cosmopolitan city is not well documented.METHODS: We reviewed data on all children notified with TB in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, from January 2014 to December 2015, complemented by an expanded dataset for children managed within the Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (SCHN).RESULTS: Over the 2-year study period, 921 TB cases were identified in NSW, including 26 (2.8%) children younger than 15 years of age. Of 23 children and adolescents treated for TB in the SCHN, 21 (91.3%) had a history of recent immigration from, or travel to, a country with high TB incidence, and 7 (30.4%) reported contact with an infectious TB case in Australia. Fourteen (60.9%) children had microbiologically confirmed TB; of these, 5 (21.7%) had acid-fast bacilli on microscopy, 8 (34.8%) were positive by polymerase chain reaction and 11 (47.8%) were positive by culture. All Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were susceptible to first-line drugs. Ten (43.5%) cases were not vaccinated with bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), including all cases with severe disease: 2 with disseminated (miliary) TB and 3 with tuberculous meningitis.CONCLUSION: Our findings emphasise the need for improved TB prevention and surveillance in children at high risk of exposure, particularly young children travelling to areas of high TB incidence.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Child
KW - Child, Preschool
KW - Emigrants and Immigrants/statistics & numerical data
KW - Female
KW - Hospitals, Pediatric/statistics & numerical data
KW - Humans
KW - Incidence
KW - Infant
KW - Infant, Newborn
KW - Male
KW - New South Wales/epidemiology
KW - Tuberculosis/epidemiology
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U2 - 10.17061/phrp28231807
DO - 10.17061/phrp28231807
M3 - Article
C2 - 31384887
SN - 1034-7674
VL - 29
JO - Public Health Research and Practice
JF - Public Health Research and Practice
IS - 2
M1 - e28231807
ER -
