Laboratory confirmed health care-associated bloodstream infections: A Jordanian study

Background: Few studies have been conducted in Jordan related to health care associated bloodstream infections (HCABSIs). This study aims to examine epidemiology of HCABSIs among hospitalized adult patients in Jordan. Methods: A cohort study (N=570; 445 confirmed HCABSIs, 125 uninfected patients) with a nested 1:1 matched case-control design (n=125 in each group) was used based on data from one large referral hospital in Jordan over a period of 5 years. HCABSI cases were determined based on confirmed positive blood culture after 48. h of admission. The case-control analyses (n=250 per group) matched on gender, age, same admission month and unit. Results: The overall incidence and mortality rates were 8.1 and 5.8 per 1000 admissions, respectively. Four-variable and three-variable multivariate models were proposed to explain the risk of HCABSIs in the matched analyses .The four-variable model consists of blood product (OR=24.5), invasive procedures (OR=4.3), renal failure (OR=9.2), and presence of other infections (OR=21.6). The three-variable model consists of recipient of blood product (OR=19.7), invasive procedures (OR=4.5), and renal failure (OR=9.4). Conclusions: This study is a pioneer study that examined risk factors, the associated HCABSIs in Jordan. Results from this study can be used to influence infection control plans in Jordan.