TY - JOUR
T1 - Fault Ride Through of Inverter-Interfaced Renewable Energy Sources for Enhanced Resiliency and Grid Code Compliance
AU - Aboelnaga, Abdallah A.
AU - Azzouz, Maher A.
AU - Sindi, Hatem F.
AU - Awad, Ahmed S.A.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by Science and Technology Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, underGrant SU-41-113.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2010-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2022/10/1
Y1 - 2022/10/1
N2 - Inverter-interfaced renewable energy sources (IIRESs) are typically controlled during fault conditions to meet fault ride-through (FRT) requirements, e.g., reactive current generation (RCG) requirements specified by grid codes (GCs). However, fault currents generated by inverters are different from the traditional sources, i.e., synchronous generators. Consequently, phase selection methods (PSMs) used by protection relays could suffer from erroneous fault type classification. This paper develops a dual current controller (DCC) that regulates the inverter's negative- and positive-sequence currents to simultaneously meet phase selection and RCG requirements. First, the negative-sequence-current angle is obtained based on the angles of both zero- and positive-sequence currents to enable a correct operation for phase selection. Then, the positive-sequence current angle is adjusted to reach a trade-off between RCG requirements and phase selection achieved by the negative-sequence current. Lastly, the reference currents of the IIRES are generated in the stationary frame without violating the inverter's current limits. The proposed DCC supports the grid voltage by meeting the RCG requirements and enhancing the grid reliability and resilience by enabling correct phase selection. Comprehensive time-domain and real-time simulation verify the precise operation of the proposed DCC under various fault conditions and GCs.
AB - Inverter-interfaced renewable energy sources (IIRESs) are typically controlled during fault conditions to meet fault ride-through (FRT) requirements, e.g., reactive current generation (RCG) requirements specified by grid codes (GCs). However, fault currents generated by inverters are different from the traditional sources, i.e., synchronous generators. Consequently, phase selection methods (PSMs) used by protection relays could suffer from erroneous fault type classification. This paper develops a dual current controller (DCC) that regulates the inverter's negative- and positive-sequence currents to simultaneously meet phase selection and RCG requirements. First, the negative-sequence-current angle is obtained based on the angles of both zero- and positive-sequence currents to enable a correct operation for phase selection. Then, the positive-sequence current angle is adjusted to reach a trade-off between RCG requirements and phase selection achieved by the negative-sequence current. Lastly, the reference currents of the IIRES are generated in the stationary frame without violating the inverter's current limits. The proposed DCC supports the grid voltage by meeting the RCG requirements and enhancing the grid reliability and resilience by enabling correct phase selection. Comprehensive time-domain and real-time simulation verify the precise operation of the proposed DCC under various fault conditions and GCs.
KW - fault current control
KW - Fault ride through
KW - grid codes
KW - inverter-interfaced renewable energy sources
KW - phase selection
KW - resilience
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U2 - 10.1109/TSTE.2022.3191631
DO - 10.1109/TSTE.2022.3191631
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85135205585
SN - 1949-3029
VL - 13
SP - 2275
EP - 2290
JO - IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
JF - IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
IS - 4
ER -