TY - JOUR
T1 - Comprehensive Insights into Harmful Algal Blooms
T2 - A Review of Chemical, Physical, Biological, and Climatological Influencers with Predictive Modeling Approaches
AU - Yan, Zhengxiao
AU - Kamanmalek, Sara
AU - Alamdari, Nasrin
AU - Nikoo, Mohammad Reza
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
PY - 2024/4/1
Y1 - 2024/4/1
N2 - Phytoplankton plays an essential role in the biogeochemical cycle because it is at the top of the food chain and is a source of oxygen. Eutrophication causes coastal areas to deteriorate as industrialization accelerates, leading to harmful algal blooms (HABs), severely affecting human and ecological health. The frequency and extent of HAB events potentially may increase due to climate change. HAB outbreaks have led to substantial losses for major coastal economies globally, and therefore have emerged as a critical research focus in environmental sciences. However, the lack of an overview of diverse factors influencing HABs complicates the cause identification and the effective countermeasure development for HAB occurrence, thereby impeding the formulation of targeted strategies for prediction and mitigation. Therefore, this review summarizes the influential factors affecting HABs in coastal areas, including water quality factors (nutrients, salinity, stratification, and biological factors) and climatological factors (temperature, pH and pCO2, and irradiance and light).
Recent work with several harmful algae species suggested that warmer temperatures combined with nutrient variation, stronger stratification, and ocean acidification may increase the growth of some toxic dinoflagellate species. Although the effects of factors vary for different species and locations, the intensification of anthropogenic activities and climate change likely will increase the frequency, outbreak scale, and severity
of most coastal HABs. Because predicting HABs is crucial for understanding the factors and synergy affecting their growth and minimizing losses for decision makers and stakeholders, we reviewed models for predicting HABs, including process-based models, traditional statistical-empirical models, and data-driven machine learning models. Predicting HABs becomes more challenging as the spatial distribution of harmful algae is influenced by future climate patterns. This review paper presents a comprehensive overview of the various factors impacting HABs in coastal areas, serving as a valuable resource for decision makers and researchers to design targeted research and mitigation strategies. DOI: 10.1061/JOEEDU.EEENG-7549. © 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
AB - Phytoplankton plays an essential role in the biogeochemical cycle because it is at the top of the food chain and is a source of oxygen. Eutrophication causes coastal areas to deteriorate as industrialization accelerates, leading to harmful algal blooms (HABs), severely affecting human and ecological health. The frequency and extent of HAB events potentially may increase due to climate change. HAB outbreaks have led to substantial losses for major coastal economies globally, and therefore have emerged as a critical research focus in environmental sciences. However, the lack of an overview of diverse factors influencing HABs complicates the cause identification and the effective countermeasure development for HAB occurrence, thereby impeding the formulation of targeted strategies for prediction and mitigation. Therefore, this review summarizes the influential factors affecting HABs in coastal areas, including water quality factors (nutrients, salinity, stratification, and biological factors) and climatological factors (temperature, pH and pCO2, and irradiance and light).
Recent work with several harmful algae species suggested that warmer temperatures combined with nutrient variation, stronger stratification, and ocean acidification may increase the growth of some toxic dinoflagellate species. Although the effects of factors vary for different species and locations, the intensification of anthropogenic activities and climate change likely will increase the frequency, outbreak scale, and severity
of most coastal HABs. Because predicting HABs is crucial for understanding the factors and synergy affecting their growth and minimizing losses for decision makers and stakeholders, we reviewed models for predicting HABs, including process-based models, traditional statistical-empirical models, and data-driven machine learning models. Predicting HABs becomes more challenging as the spatial distribution of harmful algae is influenced by future climate patterns. This review paper presents a comprehensive overview of the various factors impacting HABs in coastal areas, serving as a valuable resource for decision makers and researchers to design targeted research and mitigation strategies. DOI: 10.1061/JOEEDU.EEENG-7549. © 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
KW - Climatological factors
KW - HAB prediction
KW - Harmful algal blooms (HABs)
KW - Water quality factors
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UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/7a5d1b6a-d4f7-36ef-83cc-81673e49a201/
U2 - 10.1061/joeedu.eeeng-7549
DO - 10.1061/joeedu.eeeng-7549
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85184841201
SN - 0733-9372
VL - 150
JO - Journal of Environmental Engineering (United States)
JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering (United States)
IS - 4
M1 - 03124002
ER -