Energy, Water, Food, CO2 Emission, Sustainable Growth: A Global Analysis.

Since the energy crises of the 1970s, empirical examination of the nature of energy-output inter-relationship (nexus analysis) has gained growing attention among economists and policymakers alike. Since 2011, such nexus analysis has gained noticeable implications on the security of energy, water, food and on environmental challenges (e.g., climate change) and sustainable development. This resembles a broader implication of the so-called Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) that is to investigate whether or not economic growth could potentially be boosted or become sustainable through technological improvements, assuring the security of vital resources such as energy and water, minimizing environmental degradations. and improving the standard of living including the security of quality food supply. Technological improvements, in such context, are examined against possible diminishing trends of resource intensities, such as energy intensity and water intensity and so on. In this study, we develop a novel dynamic econometric model with a view to examine the complex nature of nexus between energy, water, food, CO2 emissions and the sustainability of economic growth, at the global level and with special attention towards Oman. We use the WDI database.