TY - JOUR
T1 - Seroprevalence and Molecular Evidence of Coxiella burnetii in Dromedary Camels of Pakistan
AU - Hussain, Shujaat
AU - Saqib, Muhammad
AU - El-Adawy, Hosny
AU - Hussain, Muhammad Hammad
AU - Jamil, Tariq
AU - Sajid, Muhammad Sohail
AU - Alvi, Mughees Aizaz
AU - Ghafoor, Muzafar
AU - Tayyab, Muhammad Haleem
AU - Abbas, Zaeem
AU - Mertens-Scholz, Katja
AU - Neubauer, Heinrich
AU - Khan, Iahtasham
AU - Khalid Mansoor, Muhammad
AU - Muhammad, Ghulam
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2022 Hussain, Saqib, El-Adawy, Hussain, Jamil, Sajid, Alvi, Ghafoor, Tayyab, Abbas, Mertens-Scholz, Neubauer, Khan, Khalid Mansoor and Muhammad.
PY - 2022/6/16
Y1 - 2022/6/16
N2 - Coxiellosis is a zoonosis in animals caused by Coxiella burnetii. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 920 (591 female and 329 male) randomly selected camels (Camelus dromedarius) of different age groups from 13 districts representative of the three different ecological zones in the Province Punjab, Pakistan to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of coxiellosis. The blood samples were collected and tested for anti-C. burnetti antibodies using indirect multispecies ELISA. Real-time PCR was used for the detection of C. burnetii DNA to determine the prevalence in heparinized blood pools. Out of 920 investigated camels, anti-C. burnetii antibodies were detected in 288 samples (31.3%) (95% CI: 28.3–34.4%). The highest (78.6%) and lowest (1.8%) seroprevalence were detected in Rahimyar Khan (southern Punjab) and in Jhang (central Punjab), respectively. Potential risk factors associated with seropositivity of the Q fever in camels included desert area (42.5%; OR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.12–3.21) summer season (35.7%; OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.31–3.2), sex (female) (39.1; OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.34–2.98), tick infestation (51.3%;OR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.34–3.02), age (>10 years; 46.4%; OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 0.33–2.05) and herd size (38.5%; OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.76–1.54). Coxiella burnetii DNA was amplified in 12 (20%) and 1 (10%) of 60 ELISA-negative and 10 suspected camels, respectively. DNA could not be detected in ELISA positive blood pools. This study emphasizes the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of coxiellosis as well as its potential to spill over to animals and humans in contact with these camel herds.
AB - Coxiellosis is a zoonosis in animals caused by Coxiella burnetii. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 920 (591 female and 329 male) randomly selected camels (Camelus dromedarius) of different age groups from 13 districts representative of the three different ecological zones in the Province Punjab, Pakistan to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of coxiellosis. The blood samples were collected and tested for anti-C. burnetti antibodies using indirect multispecies ELISA. Real-time PCR was used for the detection of C. burnetii DNA to determine the prevalence in heparinized blood pools. Out of 920 investigated camels, anti-C. burnetii antibodies were detected in 288 samples (31.3%) (95% CI: 28.3–34.4%). The highest (78.6%) and lowest (1.8%) seroprevalence were detected in Rahimyar Khan (southern Punjab) and in Jhang (central Punjab), respectively. Potential risk factors associated with seropositivity of the Q fever in camels included desert area (42.5%; OR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.12–3.21) summer season (35.7%; OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.31–3.2), sex (female) (39.1; OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.34–2.98), tick infestation (51.3%;OR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.34–3.02), age (>10 years; 46.4%; OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 0.33–2.05) and herd size (38.5%; OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.76–1.54). Coxiella burnetii DNA was amplified in 12 (20%) and 1 (10%) of 60 ELISA-negative and 10 suspected camels, respectively. DNA could not be detected in ELISA positive blood pools. This study emphasizes the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of coxiellosis as well as its potential to spill over to animals and humans in contact with these camel herds.
KW - Coxiella burnetii
KW - ELISA
KW - PCR
KW - Pakistan
KW - dromedary camels
KW - risk factors
KW - zoonosis
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85137350848&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fvets.2022.908479
DO - 10.3389/fvets.2022.908479
M3 - Article
C2 - 35782546
AN - SCOPUS:85137350848
VL - 9
JO - Frontiers in Veterinary Science
JF - Frontiers in Veterinary Science
M1 - 908479
ER -