TY - JOUR
T1 - Sarcopenia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
T2 - Study of the Modifiable Risk Factors Involved
AU - Sravya, Surapaneni Lakshmi
AU - Swain, Jayshree
AU - Sahoo, Abhay Kumar
AU - Mangaraj, Swayamsidha
AU - Kanwar, Jayabhanu
AU - Jadhao, Pooja
AU - Das, Srijit
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by a research grant obtained from the Endocrine Society of India (ESI). ESI trainee grant 2021/20 September 2021.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023/9
Y1 - 2023/9
N2 - (1) Background: Sarcopenia has gained much interest in recent years due to an increase in morbidity. Sarcopenia is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and vice versa. There is a paucity of information regarding the prevalence and predictors of sarcopenia among T2DM individuals. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of sarcopenia among T2DM individuals. (2) Methods: This study included 159 diabetics (cases) and 79 non-diabetics (controls) aged >50 years. The subjects were assessed for demographic and anthropometric parameters. Sarcopenia (according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria) was assessed using Jammer’s hydraulic dynamometer for handgrip strength, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for muscle mass, and 6m gait speed. The biochemical investigations included glycated hemoglobin; fasting and prandial glucose; fasting insulin; lipid, renal, liver, and thyroid profiles; serum calcium; phosphorous; vitamin D; and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Appropriate statistical methods were used to determine the significance of each parameter, and a multivariate regression analysis was applied to determine the predictors. (3) Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia was significantly higher among the cases than the controls (22.5% vs. 8.86%, p—0.012). Body mass index (BMI) (OR—0.019, CI—0.001–0.248), physical activity (OR—0.45, CI—0.004–0.475), serum calcium levels (OR—0.155, CI—0.035–0.687), hypertension (OR—8.739, CI—1.913–39.922), and neuropathy (OR—5.57, CI—1.258–24.661) were significantly associated with sarcopenia following multivariate regression analysis. (4) Conclusions: T2DM individuals are prone to sarcopenia, especially those with a low BMI, low physical activity, hypertension, neuropathy, and low serum calcium levels. Hence, by modifying these risk factors among the elderly T2DM, sarcopenia can be prevented.
AB - (1) Background: Sarcopenia has gained much interest in recent years due to an increase in morbidity. Sarcopenia is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and vice versa. There is a paucity of information regarding the prevalence and predictors of sarcopenia among T2DM individuals. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of sarcopenia among T2DM individuals. (2) Methods: This study included 159 diabetics (cases) and 79 non-diabetics (controls) aged >50 years. The subjects were assessed for demographic and anthropometric parameters. Sarcopenia (according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria) was assessed using Jammer’s hydraulic dynamometer for handgrip strength, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for muscle mass, and 6m gait speed. The biochemical investigations included glycated hemoglobin; fasting and prandial glucose; fasting insulin; lipid, renal, liver, and thyroid profiles; serum calcium; phosphorous; vitamin D; and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Appropriate statistical methods were used to determine the significance of each parameter, and a multivariate regression analysis was applied to determine the predictors. (3) Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia was significantly higher among the cases than the controls (22.5% vs. 8.86%, p—0.012). Body mass index (BMI) (OR—0.019, CI—0.001–0.248), physical activity (OR—0.45, CI—0.004–0.475), serum calcium levels (OR—0.155, CI—0.035–0.687), hypertension (OR—8.739, CI—1.913–39.922), and neuropathy (OR—5.57, CI—1.258–24.661) were significantly associated with sarcopenia following multivariate regression analysis. (4) Conclusions: T2DM individuals are prone to sarcopenia, especially those with a low BMI, low physical activity, hypertension, neuropathy, and low serum calcium levels. Hence, by modifying these risk factors among the elderly T2DM, sarcopenia can be prevented.
KW - calcium
KW - diabetes mellitus
KW - hypertension
KW - neuropathy
KW - sarcopenia
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U2 - 10.3390/jcm12175499
DO - 10.3390/jcm12175499
M3 - Article
C2 - 37685565
AN - SCOPUS:85170269943
SN - 2077-0383
VL - 12
JO - Journal of Clinical Medicine
JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine
IS - 17
M1 - 5499
ER -