TY - JOUR
T1 - Feeding Damascus goats humic or fulvic acid alone or in combination
T2 - in vitro and in vivo investigations on impacts on feed intake, ruminal fermentation parameters, and apparent nutrients digestibility
AU - Sallam, Sobhy M.A.
AU - Ibrahim, Mahmoud A.M.
AU - Allam, Ali M.
AU - El-Waziry, Ahmed M.
AU - Attia, Marwa F.A.
AU - Elazab, Mahmoud A.
AU - El-Nile, Amr E.A.
AU - El-Zaiat, Hani M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
PY - 2023/8
Y1 - 2023/8
N2 - In vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of the supplementation of different levels of humic and fulvic acids alone or their combination (2:1 ratio) on ruminal fermentation constituents, and nutrients digestibility in goats. The treatments in Exp. 1 were the following: (1) basal substrate (50% concentrate: 50% forage) was incubated humic at 0, 2, 4, and 6 g/kg DM; (2) fulvic at 0, 1, 2, and 3 g/kg DM; and (3) a combination of humic and fulvic (in a 2:1 ratio) at 0, 3, 6, and 9 g/kg DM" of treatments. The results of Exp. 1 revealed that methane (CH
4) production was linearly decreased (P < 0.001) upon increasing humic doses. Whereas, the combination of fulvic acid with humic acid resulted in a quadratic decrease (P < 0.001) in net CH
4 production. Supplementing humic and fulvic acids, either separately or in combination, resulted in reduced (P < 0.05) ammonia nitrogen (NH
3-N) and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations. In Exp. 2 to further examine the findings obtained in Exp. 1, forty Damascus non-lactating goats (2-3 years of age and body weight 29 ± 1.5 kg) were fed the same basal diet as in Exp. 1, plus one of four treatments. Treatments were the following: (1) control (no supplement); (2) basal diet plus 5 g humic alone; (3) basal diet plus 2.5 g fulvic alone, and (4) basal diet plus 7.5 g their combination. Goats fed diets supplemented with humic acid, fulvic acid, either alone or in combination, increased concentrations of butyrate (P = 0.003), total VFA (P < 0.001), and improved (P < 0.001) digestibility of nutrients, but reduced (P < 0.001) ruminal NH
3-N concentrations. In conclusion, applying humic and fulvic acids alone or in combination attenuated in vitro CH
4 production, while improved intake and diet digestibility without adverse effect on rumen fermentation profiles in Damascus goats.
AB - In vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of the supplementation of different levels of humic and fulvic acids alone or their combination (2:1 ratio) on ruminal fermentation constituents, and nutrients digestibility in goats. The treatments in Exp. 1 were the following: (1) basal substrate (50% concentrate: 50% forage) was incubated humic at 0, 2, 4, and 6 g/kg DM; (2) fulvic at 0, 1, 2, and 3 g/kg DM; and (3) a combination of humic and fulvic (in a 2:1 ratio) at 0, 3, 6, and 9 g/kg DM" of treatments. The results of Exp. 1 revealed that methane (CH
4) production was linearly decreased (P < 0.001) upon increasing humic doses. Whereas, the combination of fulvic acid with humic acid resulted in a quadratic decrease (P < 0.001) in net CH
4 production. Supplementing humic and fulvic acids, either separately or in combination, resulted in reduced (P < 0.05) ammonia nitrogen (NH
3-N) and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations. In Exp. 2 to further examine the findings obtained in Exp. 1, forty Damascus non-lactating goats (2-3 years of age and body weight 29 ± 1.5 kg) were fed the same basal diet as in Exp. 1, plus one of four treatments. Treatments were the following: (1) control (no supplement); (2) basal diet plus 5 g humic alone; (3) basal diet plus 2.5 g fulvic alone, and (4) basal diet plus 7.5 g their combination. Goats fed diets supplemented with humic acid, fulvic acid, either alone or in combination, increased concentrations of butyrate (P = 0.003), total VFA (P < 0.001), and improved (P < 0.001) digestibility of nutrients, but reduced (P < 0.001) ruminal NH
3-N concentrations. In conclusion, applying humic and fulvic acids alone or in combination attenuated in vitro CH
4 production, while improved intake and diet digestibility without adverse effect on rumen fermentation profiles in Damascus goats.
KW - Feed digestibility
KW - Fulvic
KW - Goat
KW - Humic
KW - In vitro
KW - Methane production
KW - Eating
KW - Animals
KW - Goats
KW - Nutrients
KW - Fermentation
KW - Humic Substances
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UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/4e9a6dfc-20e3-3798-8580-a93c27d63306/
U2 - 10.1007/s11250-023-03672-7
DO - 10.1007/s11250-023-03672-7
M3 - Article
C2 - 37433975
AN - SCOPUS:85164418529
SN - 0049-4747
VL - 55
JO - Tropical Animal Health and Production
JF - Tropical Animal Health and Production
IS - 4
M1 - 265
ER -