Family Influence on Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Patterns in Oman

Purpose: The objective of this study is to expand the understanding of the family influence on children's nutrition and physical activity patterns in Oman. Design and methods: A cross-sectional research design was used in this study. We recruited 204 dyads (a mother with a child) conveniently. Research data were collected in public cycle one schools, nongovernmental community centers, and home visits from five provinces in Oman. Study measures included a general information survey, anthropometric measurements, electronic children and family nutrition and physical activity questionnaires, and a single-day dietary recall for children. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were used. Results: Children's nutrition intake was significantly associated with parental education level, family income, and family nutrition and physical activity patterns, while children's physical activity patterns were significantly associated with maternal BMI and parental education level. Conclusions: Children's nutrition and physical activity patterns are associated with maternal BMI, family's sociodemographic characteristics, and family's nutrition and physical activity pattern. Practice implications: Family is a key element in shaping and influencing children's lifestyle-related behaviors. School-health programs that actively involve the families hold promise in promoting children's nutrition and physical activity pattern. Future research should be directed toward understanding the moderating and mediating factors.