TY - JOUR
T1 - Familial Hypercholesterolemia in the Arabian Gulf Region
T2 - Clinical results of the Gulf FH Registry
AU - Alhabib, Khalid F
AU - Al-Rasadi, Khalid
AU - Almigbal, Turky H
AU - Batais, Mohammed A
AU - Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
AU - Al-Allaf, Faisal A
AU - Al-Waili, Khalid
AU - Zadjali, Fahad
AU - Alghamdi, Mohammad
AU - Alnouri, Fahad
AU - Awan, Zuhier
AU - Kinsara, Abdulhalim J
AU - AlQudaimi, Ahmed
AU - Almahmeed, Wael
AU - Sabbour, Hani
AU - Traina, Mahmoud
AU - Atallah, Bassam
AU - Al-Jarallah, Mohammed
AU - AlSarraf, Ahmad
AU - AlSayed, Nasreen
AU - Amin, Haitham
AU - Altaradi, Hani
N1 - Funding Information:
This study received support from Sanofi-Aventis Groupe (https://www.sanofi.com) in the form of a grant (number DIREGL08183) awarded to KFA, KA, FA, WA, MA, and NA. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. No additional external funding was received for this study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Alhabib et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2021/6
Y1 - 2021/6
N2 - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common autosomal dominant disorder that can result in premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Limited data are available worldwide about the prevalence and management of FH. Here, we aimed to estimate the prevalence and management of patients with FH in five Arabian Gulf countries (Saudi Arabia, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, and Bahrain).METHODS: The multicentre, multinational Gulf FH registry included adults (≥18 years old) recruited from outpatient clinics in 14 tertiary-care centres across five Arabian Gulf countries over the last five years. The Gulf FH registry had four phases: 1- screening, 2- classification based on the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network, 3- genetic testing, and 4- follow-up.RESULTS: Among 34,366 screened patient records, 3713 patients had suspected FH (mean age: 49±15 years; 52% women) and 306 patients had definite or probable FH. Thus, the estimated FH prevalence was 0.9% (1:112). Treatments included high-intensity statin therapy (34%), ezetimibe (10%), and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (0.4%). Targets for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were achieved by 12% and 30%, respectively, of patients at high ASCVD risk, and by 3% and 6%, respectively, of patients at very high ASCVD risk (p <0.001; for both comparisons).CONCLUSIONS: This snap-shot study was the first to show the high estimated prevalence of FH in the Arabian Gulf region (about 3-fold the estimated prevalence worldwide), and is a "call-to-action" for further confirmation in future population studies. The small proportions of patients that achieved target LDL-C values implied that health care policies need to implement nation-wide screening, raise FH awareness, and improve management strategies for FH.
AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common autosomal dominant disorder that can result in premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Limited data are available worldwide about the prevalence and management of FH. Here, we aimed to estimate the prevalence and management of patients with FH in five Arabian Gulf countries (Saudi Arabia, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, and Bahrain).METHODS: The multicentre, multinational Gulf FH registry included adults (≥18 years old) recruited from outpatient clinics in 14 tertiary-care centres across five Arabian Gulf countries over the last five years. The Gulf FH registry had four phases: 1- screening, 2- classification based on the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network, 3- genetic testing, and 4- follow-up.RESULTS: Among 34,366 screened patient records, 3713 patients had suspected FH (mean age: 49±15 years; 52% women) and 306 patients had definite or probable FH. Thus, the estimated FH prevalence was 0.9% (1:112). Treatments included high-intensity statin therapy (34%), ezetimibe (10%), and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (0.4%). Targets for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were achieved by 12% and 30%, respectively, of patients at high ASCVD risk, and by 3% and 6%, respectively, of patients at very high ASCVD risk (p <0.001; for both comparisons).CONCLUSIONS: This snap-shot study was the first to show the high estimated prevalence of FH in the Arabian Gulf region (about 3-fold the estimated prevalence worldwide), and is a "call-to-action" for further confirmation in future population studies. The small proportions of patients that achieved target LDL-C values implied that health care policies need to implement nation-wide screening, raise FH awareness, and improve management strategies for FH.
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U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0251560
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0251560
M3 - Article
C2 - 34086694
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 16
SP - e0251560
JO - PLoS One
JF - PLoS One
IS - 6 June
M1 - e0251560
ER -