TY - JOUR
T1 - Crimean–congo hemorrhagic fever virus past infections are associated with two innate immune response candidate genes in dromedaries
AU - Lado, Sara
AU - Futas, Jan
AU - Plasil, Martin
AU - Loney, Tom
AU - Weidinger, Pia
AU - Camp, Jeremy V.
AU - Kolodziejek, Jolanta
AU - Kannan, Dafalla O.
AU - Horin, Petr
AU - Nowotny, Norbert
AU - Burger, Pamela A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/12/21
Y1 - 2021/12/21
N2 - Dromedaries are an important livestock, used as beasts of burden and for meat and milk production. However, they can act as an intermediate source or vector for transmitting zoonotic viruses to humans, such as the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) or Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). After several outbreaks of CCHFV in the Arabian Peninsula, recent studies have demonstrated that CCHFV is endemic in dromedaries and camel ticks in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). There is no apparent disease in dromedaries after the bite of infected ticks; in contrast, fever, myalgia, lymphadenopathy, and petechial hemorrhaging are common symptoms in humans, with a case fatality ratio of up to 40%. We used the in-solution hybridization capture of 100 annotated immune genes to genotype 121 dromedaries from the UAE tested for seropositivity to CCHFV. Through univariate linear regression analysis, we identified two candidate genes belonging to the innate immune system: FCAR and CLEC2B. These genes have important functions in the host defense against viral infections and in stimulating natural killer cells, respectively. This study opens doors for future research into immune defense mechanisms in an enzootic host against an important zoonotic disease.
AB - Dromedaries are an important livestock, used as beasts of burden and for meat and milk production. However, they can act as an intermediate source or vector for transmitting zoonotic viruses to humans, such as the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) or Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). After several outbreaks of CCHFV in the Arabian Peninsula, recent studies have demonstrated that CCHFV is endemic in dromedaries and camel ticks in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). There is no apparent disease in dromedaries after the bite of infected ticks; in contrast, fever, myalgia, lymphadenopathy, and petechial hemorrhaging are common symptoms in humans, with a case fatality ratio of up to 40%. We used the in-solution hybridization capture of 100 annotated immune genes to genotype 121 dromedaries from the UAE tested for seropositivity to CCHFV. Through univariate linear regression analysis, we identified two candidate genes belonging to the innate immune system: FCAR and CLEC2B. These genes have important functions in the host defense against viral infections and in stimulating natural killer cells, respectively. This study opens doors for future research into immune defense mechanisms in an enzootic host against an important zoonotic disease.
KW - Camelus dromedarius
KW - In-solution hybridization capture
KW - Old World camel
KW - Tick
KW - Vector-borne infection
KW - Zoonosis
KW - Humans
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Tick Infestations/immunology
KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics
KW - Genotype
KW - Camelus/genetics
KW - Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean/genetics
KW - Immunity, Innate/genetics
KW - United Arab Emirates
KW - Disease Resistance/genetics
KW - Chick Embryo
KW - Animals
KW - Ticks/immunology
KW - Zoonoses/genetics
KW - Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo/immunology
KW - Coronavirus Infections/genetics
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U2 - 10.3390/cells11010008
DO - 10.3390/cells11010008
M3 - Article
C2 - 35011568
AN - SCOPUS:85121348429
SN - 2073-4409
VL - 11
JO - Cells
JF - Cells
IS - 1
M1 - 8
ER -