TY - JOUR
T1 - Adsorption of fexofenadine and diphenhydramine on dehydrated and activated carbons from date palm leaflets
AU - El-Shafey, El Said I.
AU - Al-Lawati, Haider A.J.
AU - Al-Hussaini, Atka Y.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014, © 2014 Taylor & Francis.
PY - 2014/11/17
Y1 - 2014/11/17
N2 - Dehydrated carbon (DC) was prepared from date palm leaflets via sulfuric acid treatment at (Formula presented.) C in the presence of air. Acidified DC was converted to activated carbon (AC) at (Formula presented.) C under nitrogen atmosphere. DC shows low surface area (48 m2 g−1), whereas activated carbon possesses high surface area (405 m2 g−1). Both carbons were tested for the adsorption of fexofenadine (FEX) and diphenhydramine (DPH) at different initial pH, concentration and temperature. Maximum adsorption took place at pH 4.0 for FEX and pH 8.0 for DPH. Adsorption kinetics was found to follow well pseudo second-order kinetic model with increased adsorption as temperature increased within the range of 25– (Formula presented.) C. Activation energy, Ea, was 12–17.5 kJ mol−1 indicating physical adsorption of both drugs. Drug uptake was found to increase with temperature rise in the range of 25–45°C. Thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption of drugs is spontaneous and endothermic in nature with physical adsorption dominating the removal processes. Despite having very low surface area, DC shows competitive adsorption capability for AC. Drug desorption from loaded carbons showed better performance from DC than from AC. The effect of the presence of KCl on adsorption of FEX and DPH was also studied.
AB - Dehydrated carbon (DC) was prepared from date palm leaflets via sulfuric acid treatment at (Formula presented.) C in the presence of air. Acidified DC was converted to activated carbon (AC) at (Formula presented.) C under nitrogen atmosphere. DC shows low surface area (48 m2 g−1), whereas activated carbon possesses high surface area (405 m2 g−1). Both carbons were tested for the adsorption of fexofenadine (FEX) and diphenhydramine (DPH) at different initial pH, concentration and temperature. Maximum adsorption took place at pH 4.0 for FEX and pH 8.0 for DPH. Adsorption kinetics was found to follow well pseudo second-order kinetic model with increased adsorption as temperature increased within the range of 25– (Formula presented.) C. Activation energy, Ea, was 12–17.5 kJ mol−1 indicating physical adsorption of both drugs. Drug uptake was found to increase with temperature rise in the range of 25–45°C. Thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption of drugs is spontaneous and endothermic in nature with physical adsorption dominating the removal processes. Despite having very low surface area, DC shows competitive adsorption capability for AC. Drug desorption from loaded carbons showed better performance from DC than from AC. The effect of the presence of KCl on adsorption of FEX and DPH was also studied.
KW - activated
KW - adsorption
KW - dehydrated
KW - diphenhydramine
KW - fexofenadine
KW - sulfuric
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U2 - 10.1080/02757540.2014.894986
DO - 10.1080/02757540.2014.894986
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84921029572
SN - 0275-7540
VL - 30
SP - 765
EP - 783
JO - Chemistry and Ecology
JF - Chemistry and Ecology
IS - 8
ER -