TY - JOUR
T1 - Ability of equilibrium and non-equilibrium models to simulate the effects of vermicompost and hydraulic conditions on nitrate and DOC leaching
AU - Bagheri, Hossein
AU - Izady, Azizallah
AU - Zare Abyaneh, Hamid
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
PY - 2024/1/31
Y1 - 2024/1/31
N2 -
ABSTRACTThis study aims to model the effects of saturated-unsaturated flow rates and initial moisture content on nitrate and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leaching in soils amended and unamended with vermicompost using equilibrium and non-equilibrium models. Flow rates ranging from 0.4 to 5.1 cm
3/min were applied to the columns filled with the soils under initial saturated and air-dried conditions. The leaching of nitrate and DOC was simulated using a one-dimensional advection-dispersion model coupled with the equilibrium and non-equilibrium models. The accuracy of equilibrium without distribution coefficient (
K
D), equilibrium with
K
D, one-site, two-site and dual porosity models for modelling the nitrate leaching was 21.8, 33.6, 67.5, 82.2 and 83.9%, respectively, indicating the higher accuracy of dual porosity and two-site models compared to the other models. According to the results of the two-site model, the kinetic release was the most dominant process in all leaching experiments due to the fractions of equilibrium soil sites (
F) < 0.5. Vermicompost decreased the diffusion coefficient (
D
0), distribution coefficient (
K
D), first-order rate constant (
β) and retardation factor (RF). In comparison to the air-dried condition, the initial saturated condition compared to the air-dried condition resulted in less
F and
D
0, higher
K
D and RF lower
β for nitrate and lower
K
D and RF and higher
β for DOC. Leaching using a desaturation flow rate of 0.4 cm
3/min was more time-dependent, which reduced RF values from 22.6 to 1.09 and 21.5 to 3.68 for nitrate and DOC, respectively. Moreover, the desaturation flow rate reduced
D
0 and
K
D and increased
β.
AB -
ABSTRACTThis study aims to model the effects of saturated-unsaturated flow rates and initial moisture content on nitrate and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leaching in soils amended and unamended with vermicompost using equilibrium and non-equilibrium models. Flow rates ranging from 0.4 to 5.1 cm
3/min were applied to the columns filled with the soils under initial saturated and air-dried conditions. The leaching of nitrate and DOC was simulated using a one-dimensional advection-dispersion model coupled with the equilibrium and non-equilibrium models. The accuracy of equilibrium without distribution coefficient (
K
D), equilibrium with
K
D, one-site, two-site and dual porosity models for modelling the nitrate leaching was 21.8, 33.6, 67.5, 82.2 and 83.9%, respectively, indicating the higher accuracy of dual porosity and two-site models compared to the other models. According to the results of the two-site model, the kinetic release was the most dominant process in all leaching experiments due to the fractions of equilibrium soil sites (
F) < 0.5. Vermicompost decreased the diffusion coefficient (
D
0), distribution coefficient (
K
D), first-order rate constant (
β) and retardation factor (RF). In comparison to the air-dried condition, the initial saturated condition compared to the air-dried condition resulted in less
F and
D
0, higher
K
D and RF lower
β for nitrate and lower
K
D and RF and higher
β for DOC. Leaching using a desaturation flow rate of 0.4 cm
3/min was more time-dependent, which reduced RF values from 22.6 to 1.09 and 21.5 to 3.68 for nitrate and DOC, respectively. Moreover, the desaturation flow rate reduced
D
0 and
K
D and increased
β.
KW - desaturation flow rate
KW - dual porosity model
KW - equilibrium and kinetic sorption sites
KW - retardation factor
KW - Two-site sorption model
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U2 - 10.1080/09593330.2024.2309476
DO - 10.1080/09593330.2024.2309476
M3 - Article
C2 - 38296816
AN - SCOPUS:85184160025
SN - 0959-3330
SP - 1
EP - 12
JO - Environmental Technology (United Kingdom)
JF - Environmental Technology (United Kingdom)
ER -