TY - JOUR
T1 - A Sophisticated Slide Mode Controller of Microgrid System Load Frequency Control Under False Data Injection Attack and Actuator Time Delay
AU - Ibraheem, Mohamad Issa
AU - Edrisi, Mehdi
AU - Alhelou, Hassan Haes
AU - Gholipour, Mehdi
AU - Al-Hinai, Amer
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. All rights reserved.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Load frequency control (LFC) is a crucial application in modern power systems as it ensures the system frequency remains within an acceptable range through demand control and active power generation. However, as information and communication technology (ICT) becomes more prevalent in power system, there are both opportunities for improved reliability and efficiency as well as potential security threats. This article proposes an LFC approach that takes into account the simultaneous occurrence of false data injection (FDI) attacks on the sensor-controller side, disturbances in the states of the system and time delays in the controller-actuator side. To tackle these challenges, a slide mode observer is utilized to estimate system states and detect cyber-attack signals as an extra virtual state. Subsequently, a cyber-attack-resilient predictor slide mode controller is designed to establish a robust control law capable of overcoming system challenges, when all system states are not within reach. Therefore, the robust control law is designed based on the estimated states, cyber signal and measured system output. By integrating these techniques, the proposed methodology offers a promising solution to enhance the resilience and performance of power system faced with cybersecurity threats. It improves the response speed of the system and minimizes the maximum overshoot compared to some published resilience control laws, thereby ensuring secure and reliable load frequency control. Additionally, reducing the number of sensors in the system helps to reduce overall costs. Finally, the performance of the controller is also verified in real-time using the OPAL-RT simulator testbed.
AB - Load frequency control (LFC) is a crucial application in modern power systems as it ensures the system frequency remains within an acceptable range through demand control and active power generation. However, as information and communication technology (ICT) becomes more prevalent in power system, there are both opportunities for improved reliability and efficiency as well as potential security threats. This article proposes an LFC approach that takes into account the simultaneous occurrence of false data injection (FDI) attacks on the sensor-controller side, disturbances in the states of the system and time delays in the controller-actuator side. To tackle these challenges, a slide mode observer is utilized to estimate system states and detect cyber-attack signals as an extra virtual state. Subsequently, a cyber-attack-resilient predictor slide mode controller is designed to establish a robust control law capable of overcoming system challenges, when all system states are not within reach. Therefore, the robust control law is designed based on the estimated states, cyber signal and measured system output. By integrating these techniques, the proposed methodology offers a promising solution to enhance the resilience and performance of power system faced with cybersecurity threats. It improves the response speed of the system and minimizes the maximum overshoot compared to some published resilience control laws, thereby ensuring secure and reliable load frequency control. Additionally, reducing the number of sensors in the system helps to reduce overall costs. Finally, the performance of the controller is also verified in real-time using the OPAL-RT simulator testbed.
KW - Microgrid
KW - cyber-attack
KW - false data injection
KW - load frequency control
KW - secondary controller
KW - slide mode control predictor
KW - sliding observer
KW - time delay
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U2 - 10.1109/TIA.2023.3316190
DO - 10.1109/TIA.2023.3316190
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85181563001
SN - 0093-9994
VL - 60
SP - 2117
EP - 2126
JO - IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
JF - IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
IS - 2
ER -